Abstract class

A partial or incomplete class that contains implementation of some methods of interfaces that the class claims to implement.

Abstraction

Cover story to hide behind the scenes

Callback method

A method described in the interface that any observer must implement.

Class

Declares a piece of code to software component for which byte code should be generated by the compiler. A blueprint from which objects are created.

Code generation

Process of translating a program into a linear structure containing byte code for a VM to update the state of the program and jump around in.

Concrete State Space

A set of all possible mathematical model values of data representation. In a commutative diagram the bottom half is the concrete state space.

Final Class

Class that can't be extended

Final Method

Method that can't be overwritten

Final Variable

Makes the variable a constant. If the type is mutable then the object value can still be modified.

Grammar

A set of formulation rules for strings in a language

Implements

Used in a class header to describe instance methods in a given class. A class can implement 0 or more interfaces.

Interface

A description of the boundary between a system and everything else.

Kernel Purity Rule

No method body in a kernel class should call any public method (including itself), from the same component family.

Object

Object is location in memory having a value. An object stores its state in fields and exposes its behavior through methods

Parsing

Parsing refers to the process of going from a string in the language to an abstract syntax tree

Polymorphism

Ability of an object to take many forms

Refactoring

Process of restructuring code without changing its behavior

Representation Invariant

Characterizes the values each instance variable might have at the end of each kernel body method, including constructors.

Subinterface

An interface that extends another interface or class is a sub interface. It inherits everything from the super interface.

Statement

Smallest complete unit of execution. Analogous to a sentence. anything that ends with ;

Tokenizer

A program that transforms a string of characters into a token.

Try catch statement

Used to catch and handle exceptions. Try block contains statements that may throw an exception. Catch block handles exceptions that might be thrown from the try block.

View (JCF)

A sub collection of a collection. Not a copy, but a look into a collection. Such as Map.Entry for map.

Type Erasure

A mechanism where java keeps track of the dynamic type of a variable but not the generic parameter (if any).

Total preorder

Means that values of a certain type are comparable and that there are no cycles in ordering of elements.

Thread

Single path of sequential code executing one step at a time.

Standard Interface

Contains declaration of methods that are very common. transferFrom, clear

Static method

A method in with a name using which it can be called or invoked. object.staticMethod()

Parameter Modes

Clears, updates, restores, and replaces

Overloading

Declaring a method with the same name but different parameter profile. public void print (String){...} public void print(int){...}

Instance method

Method that can be called on an object instead of a class. Format of receiver.instanceMethod(parameters).

Formal parameters

Placeholder for argument that appears in the method public static void method(String formalParameter){...}

Checked exception

Means that the compiler checks that a method whose body contains a statement that might throw the exception either catches it or declares that it also throws the exception

Abstract State Space

A set of all possible math models as seen by the client. Fully described in the kernel interface.

Abstraction function

Describes how concrete values that satisfy representation invariants are interpreted.

Abstract Syntax Tree

A tree model of an entire program or a program structure like statement.

Binary Search Tree

A tree where the left subtree contains all values less than the root and the right subtree contains all values greater than the root.

Bytecode

Computer object code that is processed by a program usually referred to as a VM.

Exception

Indicates some problem with a program that entails a change in control flow.

Extends

Used in the class header to state inheritance. Implicitly all code of superclass or super interface into the subclass or sub interface.

Generic Type

A class or interface that is parametrized over types. Actual type is decided when element is created.

Heap

A binary tree which is a complete binary tree and the label in each node is <= the label in each of its child nodes.

Method overrriding

A previous implementation of a method is overridden due to performance reasons or any reason. @Override is required about the method.